![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() We explain these three concepts – random selection of targets, random selection of raters and non-unique raters – as well as the use of Fleiss' kappa in the example below.Īs an example of how Fleiss' kappa can be used, imagine that the head of a large medical practice wants to determine whether doctors at the practice agree on when to prescribe a patient antibiotics. In addition, Fleiss' kappa is used when: (a) the targets being rated (e.g., patients in a medical practice, learners taking a driving test, customers in a shopping mall/centre, burgers in a fast food chain, boxes delivered by a delivery company, chocolate bars from an assembly line) are randomly selected from the population of interest rather than being specifically chosen and (b) the raters who assess these targets are non-unique and are randomly selected from a larger population of raters. Fleiss' kappa in SPSS Statistics Introductionįleiss' kappa, κ (Fleiss, 1971 Fleiss et al., 2003), is a measure of inter-rater agreement used to determine the level of agreement between two or more raters (also known as "judges" or "observers") when the method of assessment, known as the response variable, is measured on a categorical scale. ![]()
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